Frequency of End-Stage Renal Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Presenting at Northwest General Hospital Peshawar

Original Article

Abstract

Objective: To find the prevalence of ESRD in patients with SLE at Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology at Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar, with ethical approval (IRB No. 0114). We recruited 126 patients with definite systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using nonprobability consecutive sampling; ages ranged from 20 to 60 years. Patients with chronic kidney disease, renal transplantation, active malignancy, and drug-induced nephropathy were excluded. We collected data on age, illness duration, gender, socioeconomic status, comorbidities, serum creatinine levels, and ESRD status using a predesigned pro forma.

Results: 126 people participated; 92.9% were female, 52.4% were aged 31-45 years, and 83.3% lived in urban areas. Almost half (45.2%) had been living with the disease for 2-5 years, and 77.0% were from lower socioeconomic groups. The overall prevalence of ESRD was 19.0% (24/126). Increased serum creatinine was significantly associated with ESRD (p=0.016), whereas age, residence, disease duration, and comorbidities were not (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Routine renal monitoring is important, and high serum creatinine is significantly associated with ESRD, highlighting the need to monitor kidney function regularly and manage it early to minimize progression to irreversible kidney disease.