Submission Formats

Authors are required to prepare and submit manuscripts in accordance with the following format requirements. Submissions that do not meet these standards may be returned for revision prior to peer review.

Manuscript File

  • Manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx).
  • The main manuscript file must be anonymous, with no author names or affiliations, to ensure a double-blind peer review process.

Title Page (Separate File)

The title page must be submitted as a separate document and should include:

  • Full title of the manuscript
  • Names of all authors
  • Institutional affiliations
  • ORCID IDs (if available)
  • Corresponding author details (email, phone number, and address)

Formatting Requirements

  • Font: Times New Roman, 12-point
  • Line spacing: Double-spaced
  • Margins: 1 inch on all sides
  • Page numbering: Bottom right corner

Tables and Figures

  • Tables should be included at the end of the manuscript file or submitted as separate files.
  • Figures must be submitted as high-resolution images (JPEG/PNG, minimum 300 dpi).
  • Each table and figure must have a clear title and legend.
  • All tables and figures must be cited in the text.

Supplementary Files

Where applicable, authors should upload:

  • Ethical approval letter (IRB/ERC)
  • Cover letter
  • Author undertaking or copyright form
  • Reporting checklists (e.g., CONSORT, PRISMA, STROBE)

Reference Format

  • References must follow the Vancouver style.
  • DOI should be provided for all references where available.

Language

Manuscripts must be written in clear, professional English (British or American English may be used, but must be consistent throughout the manuscript).

File Naming

Files should be clearly named, for example:

  • Manuscript.docx
  • TitlePage.docx
  • Figures.zip

Important Note

Incomplete or improperly formatted submissions may be returned to authors for correction prior to editorial evaluation.

Download Formats 

In the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

Cover letter 

Submission form and undertaking