Statement on Handling Corrections, Retractions, and Editorial Expressions of Concern

The Pakistan Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research (PJAMMR) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of scientific integrity and publication ethics. In cases where errors, ethical violations, or concerns about the validity of published research arise, the journal follows a clear and transparent process to address these issues.

• Corrections: The journal promptly issues corrections to published articles when errors or inaccuracies are identified that do not invalidate the findings but require clarification.

• Retractions: Articles are retracted if significant ethical breaches, such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or falsification, are discovered, or if the findings are deemed unreliable.

• Editorial Expressions of Concern: When concerns about a publication’s validity or integrity are raised but require further investigation, the journal may issue an editorial expression of concern to alert readers.

PJAMMR ensures that all such actions are conducted transparently and in accordance with internationally accepted guidelines, including those recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The journal maintains records of all corrections, retractions, and editorial notices on its website to uphold accountability and trust in the scientific record.