Evaluation Of Renal Involvement In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Clinical Profile And Outcomes Of Lupus Nephritis: Original Article

Mazhar Ul Haq; Mohmmand Shahzad; Najmuddin

doi:10.69837/pjammr.v3i2.72

Authors

Mazhar Ul Haq Department Of Nephrology Institute Of Kidney Diseases Peshawar. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-8059
Mohmmand Shahzad Associate Professor Department of Urology Kidney Diseases, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3787-9755
Najmuddin Assisstant Prof Department Of Nephrology Institute Of Kidney Diseases Peshawar https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7485-9718

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69837/pjammr.v3i2.72

Keywords:

Outcome in renal disease, recovery, treatment with immunosuppressant, study of the organ tissue

Abstract

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major reason for the illness and death among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Prognosis depends on the kidney tumour subtype, so catching it early and treating it properly can help avoid lasting kidney damage and improve the patient’s survival.

Objectives: To assess the features of lupus nephritis, how patients present in the clinic, their laboratory results, and their responses to treatment, and to find risk factors for a poor renal outcome.

Methods: this study conducted in the Department Of Nephrology Institute Of Kidney Diseases Peshawar between January 2021 and December 2023. age of 18 with lupus nephritis as diagnosed by ISN/RPS were considered for this study. Information about the patients’ demographics, health problems, laboratory findings, and treatments were documented. Results for the kidneys were determined as remission, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or deceased. SPSS version 24.0 was used for statistical analysis, and results were considered significant if p was less than 0.05.

Results:100 patients, and 85.8% of those were women. On average, participants were 27.4 years old with a range of 18.9 to 35.2 years. Among all patients, Class IV (44.1%) accounted for the greatest number, and Class III (26.6%) was the second-highest frequency, followed by Class V (18.3%). Most patients showed proteinuria (91.6%), had enema used (74.1%), and experienced hypertension (53.3%). The disease went into full or partial remission in 62.5%, whereas 25.8% progressed to advanced kidney disease and 11.7% died. Serum creatinine higher than 1.3 mg/dL and Class IV or V histology were both linked to worse results in patients (p = 0.002). Those who started immunosuppressive therapy quickly had better outcomes (p = 0.01).

Conclusion: Many cases of chronic kidney disease in SLE are strongly influenced by lupus nephritis. Most patients have Class IV, which can cause chronic kidney disease and leads to poor outcomes if left untreated. Quick biopsy, accurate classification of the tissue, and right treatment with immunosuppressants boost the chances of survival for the kidneys. Regular check-ups are important to recognize any relapses and help patients with lupus nephritis achieve better long-term results.